[Oct 13, 2024] Fortinet NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam Dumps Are Essential To Get Good Marks
Latest Fortinet NSE7_NST-7.2 Dumps with Test Engine and PDF (New Questions)
Fortinet NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 23
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows partial outputs from two routing debug commands.
Why is the port 2 default route not in the second command output?
- A. The port1 default route has a higher priority value than the default route using port2.
- B. The port1default route has a lower priority value than the default route using port2.
- C. The port2 interlace is disabled in the FortiGate configuration.
- D. The port1 default route has a lower distance than the default route using port2-
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Routing Table Analysis:
* The first command output (get router info routing-table database) shows two default routes:
* One viaport1with a distance of10.
* One viaport2with a distance of20.
* The second command output (get router info routing-table all) only shows the route viaport1.
* Administrative Distance:
* The administrative distance (AD) is a measure used by routers to select the best path when there are multiple routes to the same destination. The lower the distance, the more preferred the route.
* In this scenario, the route viaport1has a lower distance (10) compared to the route viaport2(20), making it the preferred route.
* Route Selection:
* Since the route viaport1has a lower distance, it is the only one installed in the active routing table, which is why it appears in the second command output, and theport2route does not.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Routing behavior depending on distance and priority(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet GURU: Route priority and administrative distance explanations(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 24
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Authentication was unsuccessful.
- B. The authentication scheme used was pop3.
- C. Two-factor authentication was required.
- D. Authentication was successful
- E. The RADIUS server queried for authentication is located at IP address 172.25.188.164.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
* RADIUS Server IP Address:
* The debug output shows that the RADIUS request was sent to the server atIP=172.25.188.164.
This indicates that the RADIUS server being queried for authentication is indeed located at this IP address.
* Authentication Result:
* The debug output includes a line indicating the result for the RADIUS server:Result for radius svr 'RadiusServer' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0. A result code of0typically signifies that the authentication attempt was unsuccessful.
* Authentication Scheme:
* The debug output does not indicate that the authentication scheme used was pop3; it mentions using CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol).
* Two-factor Authentication:
* There is no indication in the debug output that two-factor authentication was required for this session.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* RADIUS Authentication Configuration and Debugging Guides
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which three common FortiGate-to-collector-agent connectivity issues can you identifyusing the FSSO real-time debug?(Choose three.)
- A. Refused connection. Potential mismatch of TCP port.
- B. Incompatible collector agent software version.
- C. Log is full on the collector agent.
- D. Mismatched pre-shared password.
- E. Inability to reach IP address of the collector agent.
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
* Refused Connection:A refused connection typically indicates a mismatch in the TCP port configuration between the FortiGate and the collector agent. Ensuring both are configured to use the same TCP port is crucial for proper connectivity.
* Mismatched Pre-Shared Password:If the pre-shared password configured on the FortiGate does not match the one set on the collector agent, authentication will fail, leading to connectivity issues.
* Inability to Reach IP Address:This can occur due to network issues such as incorrect routing, firewall rules blocking traffic, or the collector agent being down. Verifying network connectivity and the status of the collector agent is necessary to resolve this issue.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting FSSO Connectivity Issues(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 26
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of diagnose syssessionstat. Which statement about the output shown in the exhibit is correct?
- A. There are two sessions that have not been removed in case of any out-of-order packets that arrive.
- B. 162 sessions have been deleted because of memory page exhaustion.
- C. There are 166 TCP sessions waiting to complete the three-way handshake.
- D. AII the sessions in the session table are TCP sessions.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Session Table Overview:
* The session table in FortiOS tracks all active and pending sessions. It includes details like the type of session (TCP, UDP, etc.), status, and statistics.
* Interpreting the Exhibit:
* The exhibit from thediagnose sys session statcommand shows detailed session statistics.
* The specific value indicating "166 TCP sessions waiting to complete the three-way handshake" reflects the number of sessions that have initiatedbut not yet completed the TCP three-way handshake process (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK).
References:
* Fortinet Documentation: Understanding and troubleshooting session tables(Hammertux).
* Fortinet Community: Explanation of session states and statistics(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Hammertux).
NEW QUESTION # 27
Referto the exhibit, which shows oneway communication of the downstream FortiGate with the upstream FortiGate within a Security Fabric.
What three actions must you take to ensure successful communication? (Choose three.)
- A. You must enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate.
- B. Ensure the port for Neighbor Discovery has been changed.
- C. You must authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate.
- D. FortiGate must not be in NAT mode.
- E. Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
The exhibit shows a sniffer capture where TCP port 8013 is being used for communication. The communication appears one-way, indicating potential issues with the upstream FortiGate receiving the necessary packets or being able to respond.
To ensure successful communication in a Security Fabric setup:
* Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way: Verify that no firewalls or network devices between the downstream and upstream FortiGates are blocking TCP port 8013. This port is crucial for Security Fabric communication.
* Authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate: In the Security Fabric, the root FortiGate must recognize and authorize the downstream FortiGate to allow proper communication and management.
* Enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate: The upstream FortiGate must have the Security Fabric or Fortitelemetry enabled on the interface that receives the communication from the downstream FortiGate. This enables proper data exchange and monitoring within the Security Fabric.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Security Fabric Configuration
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Port Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which statement is correct regarding LDAP authentication using the regular bind type?
- A. The regular bind typerequires a FortiGate super_adminaccount.
- B. The regular bind type is the easiest bind type to configure on FortiOS.
- C. The regular bind type cannot be used if users are authenticated using sAMAccountName.
- D. The regular bind type goes through four steps to successfully authenticate a user.
Answer: D
Explanation:
* LDAP Authentication Process:
* The regular bind type for LDAP authentication involves multiple steps to verify user credentials.
* Step 1: The client sends a bind request with the username to the LDAP server.
* Step 2: The LDAP server responds to the bind request.
* Step 3: The client sends a bind request with the password.
* Step 4: The LDAP server responds, confirming or denying the authentication.
* Explanation of answer:
* The regular bind type follows these four steps to authenticate a user, making it a comprehensive method but not necessarily the easiest to configure.
* The statement regarding sAMAccountName and super_admin account requirements are not accurate in the context of regular bind type LDAP authentication on FortiOS.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* FortiOS LDAP Authentication Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which two conditions would prevent a static route from being added to the routing table? (Choose two.)
- A. There is another other route to the same destination, with a lower distance.
- B. The route has a lower priority value than another route to the same destination.
- C. The interface specified in the route configuration is down
- D. The next-hop IP address is unreachable.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
* Next-hop IP address:
* For a static route to be added to the routing table, the next-hop IP address must be reachable. If it is not reachable, the route cannot be considered valid and will not be added.
* Interface status:
* If the interface specified in the static route configuration is down, the route will not be added to the routing table. The interface must be up and operational for the route to be valid.
* Priority and Distance:
* While priority and administrative distance affect route selection, they do not prevent a route from being added to the routing table. Instead, they influence which route is preferred when multiple routes to the same destination exist.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* Routing Configuration and Troubleshooting Guides
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of a real-time OSPF debug
Which statement is false?
- A. A password has been configured on the local OSPF router but is not shown in the output
- B. The two FortiGate devices attempting adjacency are in area 0.0.0.0.
- C. One FortiGate device is configured to require authentication, while the other is not
- D. The Hello packet is being sent from an OSPF router with ID 0.0.0.112.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Examine the OSPF debug output:
* The OSPF Hello packet debug output shows the Router ID as0.0.0.112.
* It shows that the OSPF packet is being sent from0.0.0.112viaport2:192.168.37.114.
* The OSPF Hello packet contains information such as the network mask (255.255.255.0), hello interval (10), router priority (1), dead interval (40), and designated router (192.168.37.114) and backup designated router (192.168.37.115).
* Check the area configuration:
* The area ID is shown as0.0.0.0, indicating that the two devices attempting adjacency are in area
0.0.0.0.
* Authentication mismatch:
* The debug output indicates an "Authentication type mismatch". This means one device is configured to require authentication while the other is not.
* Password configuration:
* The statement claiming that "A password has been configured on the local OSPF router but is not shown in the output" is false because the output indicates an authentication mismatch, not the presence or absence of a password. The other statements are true based on the provided debug output.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* OSPF Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 31
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of diagnose syssessionlist.
If the HA ID for the primary device is0. what happens if the primary failsand the secondary becomes the primary?
- A. The session will be removed from the session table of the secondary device because of the presence of allowed errorpackets, which will force the client to restart the session with the server.
- B. Traffic for this session continues to be permitted on the new primary device after failover. without requiring the client to restart the session with the server.
- C. The session state is preserved but the kernel will need to re-evaluate the session because NAT was applied.
- D. The secondary device has this session synchronized; however, because application control is applied, the session is marked dirty and has to be re-evaluated after failover.
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Session Synchronization:
* FortiGate HA (High Availability) ensures that active sessions are synchronized between the primary and secondary devices. This synchronization allows for seamless failover and continuity of sessions.
* Handling NAT Sessions:
* The session in the exhibit has NAT applied, as indicated by thehook=post dir=org act=snatentry.
FortiGate's HA setup is designed to handle such sessions, ensuring that traffic continues without interruption during failover.
* Session Preservation:
* Even with the presence of NAT, the session state is preserved across the HA devices. This means that ongoing sessions do not require re-establishment by the client, thus providing a seamless experience.
References:
* Fortinet Documentation: HA session synchronization and failover
* Fortinet Community: Understanding session synchronization in FortiGate HA
NEW QUESTION # 32 
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial output of the fssod daemon real-time debug command What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
- A. FSSO is using agentless polling mode to detect logon events.
- B. The logon event can be seen on the collector agent installed on Windows.
- C. FSSO is using DC agent mode to detect logon events.
- D. The workstation with IP 10.124.2.90 will be polled frequently using TCP port 445 to see if the user is still logged on
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
* Logon Event on Collector Agent:The debug output indicates that the logon event is recorded, showing that the collector agent on Windows is logging user activities and transmitting this data to the FortiGate.
* DC Agent Mode:The presence of detailed logon events and their corresponding metadata, such as the domain and workstation information, suggests that the FortiGate is using DC agent mode. This mode involves an agent installed on the Domain Controller (DC) to capture and forward logon events.
References:
* Fortinet Community: How FSSO Works and Troubleshooting Steps(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 33
Refer to the exhibit. whichcontains the output of diagnose vpn tunnellist.
Which command will capture ESP traffic for the VPN named DialUp_0?
- A. diagnose sniffer packet any 'host10.0.10.10'
- B. diagnose sniffer packet any 'port 4500'
- C. diagnose sniffer packet any 'ip proto 50'
- D. diagnose sniffer packet any 'esp and host 10*200.3.2'
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Capturing ESP Traffic:
* ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) traffic is associated with IPsec and is identified by the protocol number 50. To capture ESP traffic, you need to filter packets based on this protocol.
* In this specific case, you also need to filter for the host associated with the VPN tunnel, which is
10.200.3.2as indicated in the exhibit.
* Sniffer Command:
* The correct command to capture ESP traffic for the VPN namedDialUp_0is:
diagnose sniffer packet any 'espandhost10.200.3.2'
* This command ensures that only ESP packets to and from the specified host are captured, providing a focused and relevant data set for troubleshooting.
References:
* Fortinet Documentation: Verifying IPsec VPN Tunnels(Fortinet Docs)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting IPsec VPN Tunnels(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 34
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a session table entry.
Which statement about FortiGate behavior relating to this session is true?
- A. FortiGate forwarded this session without any inspection.
- B. FortiGate applied only IPS inspection to this session.
- C. FortiGate redirected the client to the captive portal to authenticate, so that a correct policy match could be made.
- D. FortiGate is performing a security profile inspection using the CPU.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The session table entry provided shows detailed information about a specific network session passing through the FortiGate device. From the session details, we can see that the session has various attributes such as state, protocol, policy, and inspection details.
* The session state (proto_state=11) indicates that the session is being actively processed and inspected.
* Thenpd_state=00000000suggests that the session is being handled by the CPU rather than offloaded to a Network Processor (NP).
* The session is marked for security profile inspection, evident from the detailed byte/packet counts and other session parameters.
From these indicators, it's clear that FortiGate is using its CPU to perform security profile inspection on this session rather than simply forwarding the traffic without inspection or relying solely on IPS inspection.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Session Table
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Session Table
NEW QUESTION # 35
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of FortiOS kernel slabs.
Which statement is true?
- A. The total slab size of the ip6_session slab is 1300 kB and is associated with the kernel.
- B. The total slab size of the sctp_session slab is 0 kB and is associated with the user space
- C. The total slab size of the tcp_sessior. slab Is 7500 kB and is associated with the kernel.
- D. The total slab size of the ip_session slab is 3600 kB and is associated with the user space.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Kernel Slabs Overview:
* The slab allocator in the Linux kernel is used for efficient memory management. It groups objects of the same type into caches, which are divided into slabs.
* Each slab contains multiple objects and helps to minimize fragmentation and enhance memory allocation efficiency.
* Interpreting the Exhibit:
* The exhibit shows output related to various kernel slab caches.
* The line forip6_sessionindicates that there are 1300 kB allocated for this slab, which means the total memory size allocated for IPv6 session objects in the kernel is 1300 kB.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Explanation of kernel slab allocation and usage(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Hammertux).
* Linux Kernel Documentation: Slab Allocator details(Hammertux).
NEW QUESTION # 36
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a real-time debug.
Which statement about this output is true?
- A. This web request was inspected using the rtgd-allowweb filter profile.
- B. The server hostname was extracted from the SNI in the client request, or from the CN in the server certificate
- C. FortiGate found the requested URL in its local cache.
- D. The requested URL belongs to category ID 255.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The exhibit displays the output of a real-time debug of the URL filtering process on a FortiGate device. The debug output includes various details about a web request being processed.
* SNI (Server Name Indication): This is part of the SSL/TLS handshake where the client specifies the hostname it is trying to connect to. FortiGate can use this information to apply appropriate web filtering rules based on the server name.
* CN (Common Name): This is a field in the server's SSL certificate that typically contains the server's hostname. FortiGate can extract this information to verify the identity of the server and apply security policies accordingly.
Given that the debug output includes the hostname "training.fortinet.com," it is likely derived from the SNI in the client's request or the CN in the server's certificate, indicating that FortiGate is using this information to process the web request.
References
* Fortinet Community Documentation on Real-time Debugging
NEW QUESTION # 37 
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the modified output of the routing kernel.
Which statement is true?
- A. The BGP route to 10.0.4.0/24 is not in the forwarding information base.
- B. The egress interface associated with static route 8.8.8.8/32 is administratively up.
- C. The default static route through port2 is in the forwarding information base.
- D. The default static route through 10.200.1.254 is not in the forwarding information base.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The routing table shown in the exhibit lists all the routes known to the FortiGate device. It includes routes learned through different protocols such as BGP, OSPF, and static routes.
* The entryS * 0.0.0.0/0 [20/0] via 10.200.2.254, port2, [5/0]indicates that there is a static route to the default gateway (0.0.0.0/0) throughport2with a gateway IP of10.200.2.254.
* The asterisk*next to the route signifies that this route is selected and currently active in the forwarding information base (FIB). This means the FortiGate uses this route to forward packets destined for addresses not otherwise specified in the routing table.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Routing Table
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Routing
NEW QUESTION # 38
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